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SMS Messaging - Android Tutorial

Understanding how to use SMS Messaging in your application can provide you with many ideas to create the next killer application.

In this article, we take a look at how you can programmatically send and receive SMS messages in your Android application

Sending SMS messages

STEP-1 :

To get started, first launch Studio/Eclipse and create a new Android project(Basic Activity). Name the project as you like(mine - MrBrown-SMS)

STEP-2:

Android uses a permission-based policy where all the permissions needed by an application need to be specified in the AndroidManifest.xml file. By doing so, when the application is installed it will be clear to the user what specific access permissions are required by the application. For example, as sending SMS messages will potentially incur additional cost on the user’s end, indicating the SMS permissions in the AndroidManifest.xml file will let the user decide whether to allow the application to install or not.

In the AndroidManifest.xml file, add the two permissions – SEND_SMS and RECEIVE_SMS:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS" />




STEP-3:







Create send.xml file located in the res/layout folder, add the following code so that the user can enter a phone number as well as a message to send:







<?xml version="1.0"
encoding="utf-8"?>



<RelativeLayout



xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"         



xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"



android:layout_width="match_parent"



android:layout_height="match_parent"



android:background="@color/bgcomsms"



android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"




android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"




android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"



android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin">



<LinearLayout



android:id="@+id/idLn"



android:layout_width="match_parent"



android:layout_height="wrap_content">



<ImageView



android:id="@+id/idback"



android:layout_width="0dp"



android:layout_height="40dp"



android:layout_weight="1"



android:src="@drawable/back"/>



<EditText



android:id="@+id/txtPhoneNo"



android:layout_width="0dp"



android:layout_height="40dp"



android:background="@drawable/shape"



android:inputType="phone"



android:layout_weight="8"



android:hint="To"



android:padding="5dp"/>



<ImageView



android:id="@+id/idcont"



android:layout_width="0dp"



android:layout_height="40dp"



android:layout_weight="1"



android:src="@drawable/contact"/>



</LinearLayout>



<LinearLayout



android:id="@+id/idLn2"



android:layout_width="fill_parent"



android:layout_height="wrap_content"



android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"



android:orientation="horizontal">



<EditText



android:id="@+id/txtMessage"



android:layout_width="0dp"



android:layout_height="wrap_content"



android:layout_weight="9"



android:inputType="textMultiLine"



android:lines="5"



android:maxLength="160"



android:gravity="top"



android:background="@drawable/shape"



android:scrollHorizontally="false"



android:scrollbars="vertical"



android:hint="Text message"



android:padding="5dp"/>



<ImageView



android:layout_below="@+id/txtMessage"



android:id="@+id/btnSendSMS"



android:layout_width="0dp"



android:layout_height="wrap_content"



android:layout_weight="1"



android:text="Send SMS"



android:layout_marginTop="10dp"



android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"



android:src="@drawable/sent"/>



</LinearLayout>













































































































































</RelativeLayout>
















Layout looks like the screenshot 












Style mentioned in send.xml as android:background="@drawable/shape"  


In drawable folder create shape.xml with following details



<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<solid android:color="#ffffff" />

<stroke android:width="1dip" android:color="#ff9900" />

</shape>













STEP:4



Create the SendActivity.java









public class SendActivity extends Activity {
    ImageView imgSendSMS;
    EditText txtPhoneNo;
    EditText txtMessage;
    ImageView imgBack;
    ImageView imgContact;
    private static final int PICK_CONTACT=1;
    @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
    {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.send);
        imgSendSMS = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.btnSendSMS);
        imgBack = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.idback);
        imgContact = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.idcont);
        txtPhoneNo = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtPhoneNo);
        txtMessage = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtMessage);
        imgSendSMS.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
    {
        public void onClick(View v)
        {
            String phoneNo = txtPhoneNo.getText().toString();
            String message = txtMessage.getText().toString();
            if (phoneNo.length()>0 && message.length()>0)
                sendSMS(phoneNo, message);
            else                Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(),
                        "Please enter both phone number and message.",
                        Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
        }
    });

        //to back screen        


imgBack.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
        {
            public void onClick(View v)
            {
                Intent myIntent = new Intent(SendActivity.this, MainActivity.class);
                SendActivity.this.startActivity(myIntent);
            }
        });


//How to select the mobile number from contact(detailed in next article)


        imgContact.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener()
        {
            public void onClick(View v)
            {
                Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, 


ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);
                startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);
            }
        });

    }

    //select contact trough intent    


@Override    


public void onActivityResult(int reqCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
        super.onActivityResult(reqCode, resultCode, data);
        Log.e("COMING","ONE");
        switch (reqCode) {
            case (PICK_CONTACT) :
              if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
              Log.e("COMING","TWO");
              Uri contactData = data.getData();
              Cursor c =  getContentResolver().query


(contactData, null, null, null, null);
              if (c.moveToFirst()) {
              String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex(


ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
              String contactId = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex


(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
              String hasNumber = c.getString(c.getColumnIndex


(ContactsContract.Contacts.HAS_PHONE_NUMBER));
              String num = "";
                if (Integer.valueOf(hasNumber) == 1) {
                    Cursor numbers = getContentResolver().query


(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, 


                    ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + " = " 


+ contactId, null, null);
                        while (numbers.moveToNext()) {
                            num = numbers.getString(numbers.getColumnIndex


(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
                            txtPhoneNo.setText(""+num);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                break;
        }
    }

    //—sends a SMS message to another device—    


private void sendSMS(String phoneNumber, String message)
    {
        String SENT = "SMS_SENT";
        String DELIVERED = "SMS_DELIVERED";

        PendingIntent sentPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0,
                new Intent(SENT), 0);
        PendingIntent deliveredPI = PendingIntent.getBroadcast(this, 0,
                new Intent(DELIVERED), 0);

//—when the SMS has been sent—        


registerReceiver(new BroadcastReceiver(){
            @Override            


public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
                switch (getResultCode())
                {
                    case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "SMS sent",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_GENERIC_FAILURE:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Generic failure",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NO_SERVICE:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "No service",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_NULL_PDU:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Null PDU",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case SmsManager.RESULT_ERROR_RADIO_OFF:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "Radio off",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                }
            }
        }, new IntentFilter(SENT));

//—when the SMS has been delivered—        


registerReceiver(new BroadcastReceiver(){
            @Override            


public void onReceive(Context arg0, Intent arg1) {
                switch (getResultCode())
                {
                    case Activity.RESULT_OK:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "SMS delivered",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                    case Activity.RESULT_CANCELED:
                        Toast.makeText(getBaseContext(), "SMS not delivered",
                                Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        break;
                }
            }
        }, new IntentFilter(DELIVERED));

        SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
        sms.sendTextMessage(phoneNumber, null, message, sentPI, deliveredPI);

//        Intent myIntent = new Intent(SendActivity.this, MainActivity.class);


//        SendActivity.this.startActivity(myIntent);    }
}





Receiving SMS Messages





Besides programmatically sending SMS messages, you can also intercept incoming SMS messages using a BroadcastReceiver object.





STEP-1





To see how to receive SMS messages from within your Android application, in theAndroidManifest.xml file add the element so that incoming SMS messages can be intercepted by the ReceiveActivity class








<receiver android:name=".ReceiveActivity" android:exported="true" >
    <intent-filter android:priority="999" >
        <action android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED" />
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>








Add permission 




<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS" />







STEP-2



Create ReceiveActivity.java with extends BroadcastReceiver




public class ReceiveActivity extends BroadcastReceiver {
    public static final String SMS_BUNDLE = "pdus";

    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Bundle intentExtras = intent.getExtras();
        if (intentExtras != null) {
            Object[] sms = (Object[]) intentExtras.get(SMS_BUNDLE);
            String smsMessageStr = "";
            for (int i = 0; i < sms.length; ++i) {
                SmsMessage smsMessage = SmsMessage.createFromPdu((byte[]) sms[i]);

                String smsBody = smsMessage.getMessageBody().toString();
                String address = smsMessage.getOriginatingAddress();

                smsMessageStr += "SMS From: " + address + "\n";
                smsMessageStr += smsBody + "\n";
            }
            Toast.makeText(context, smsMessageStr, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

            //this will update the UI with message       


MainActivity inst = MainActivity.instance();
       inst.updateList(smsMessageStr);
        }
    }
}







STEP-3







activity_main.xml is automatically created when select Basic 



Activity when start android studio application










In content_main.xml 












<?xml version="1.0"
encoding="utf-8"?>



<RelativeLayout



  
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"   



  
xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"   



  
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"   



  
android:layout_width="match_parent"   



   android:layout_height="match_parent"   



  
android:background="@color/bgHead"   



  
android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"  



  
android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"   



  
android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"   



  
android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"   



  
app:layout_behavior="@string/appbar_scrolling_view_behavior"   



  
tools:context="com.example.mrbrown.mrbrown_sms.MainActivity"   



  
tools:showIn="@layout/activity_main">



 <LinearLayout



  
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"       



  
android:layout_width="fill_parent"       



  
android:layout_height="fill_parent"       



  
android:orientation="vertical">



 <TextView           



  
android:layout_width="wrap_content"           



  
android:layout_height="wrap_content"           



  
android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceMedium"           



  
android:text="SMS Inbox"           



  
android:textStyle="bold"           



  
android:id="@+id/textView"           



  
android:layout_gravity="center_horizontal" />



 <ListView



  
android:id="@+id/SMSList"           



  
android:layout_height="wrap_content"           



  
android:layout_width="match_parent"           



  
android:layout_margin="5dp"          



  
android:background="#ffe6ee"/>



 </LinearLayout>



</RelativeLayout>









STEP-4






In MainActivity.java
with extend Activity and
implements OnItemClickListener




public class MainActivity extends Activity implements 


 


AdapterView.OnItemClickListener {


 


    private static MainActivity inst;


    ArrayList<String> smsMessagesList = new ArrayList<String>();


    ListView smsListView;


    ArrayAdapter arrayAdapter;


 


    public static MainActivity instance() {


        return inst;


    }


    @Override    public void onStart() {


        super.onStart();


        inst = this;


    }


    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {


        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);


        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);


        smsListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.SMSList);


        arrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>




(this, android.R.layout.simple_list_item_1, smsMessagesList);


        smsListView.setAdapter(arrayAdapter);


        smsListView.setOnItemClickListener(this);


 


        refreshSmsInbox();


 


        FloatingActionButton fab = (FloatingActionButton) findViewById(R.id.fab);


        assert fab != null;


        fab.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {


            @Override            


 


public void onClick(View view) {


// Snackbar.make(view, "Replace with your own action", Snackbar.LENGTH_LONG)//                        .setAction("Action", null).show();                Intent myIntent = new Intent(MainActivity.this, SendActivity.class);


   MainActivity.this.startActivity(myIntent);


            }


        });


    }


    public void refreshSmsInbox() {


        ContentResolver contentResolver = getContentResolver();


        Cursor smsInboxCursor = contentResolver.query


 


(Uri.parse("content://sms/inbox"), null, null, null, null);


        int indexBody = smsInboxCursor.getColumnIndex("body");


        int indexAddress = smsInboxCursor.getColumnIndex("address");


        if (indexBody < 0 || !smsInboxCursor.moveToFirst()) return;


        arrayAdapter.clear();


        do {


            String str = "SMS From: " + smsInboxCursor.getString(indexAddress) +


                    "\n" + smsInboxCursor.getString(indexBody) + "\n";


            arrayAdapter.add(str);


        } while (smsInboxCursor.moveToNext());


    }


 


    public void updateList(final String smsMessage) {


        arrayAdapter.insert(smsMessage, 0);


        arrayAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();


    }


 


    public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int pos, long id) {


        try {


            String[] smsMessages = smsMessagesList.get(pos).split("\n");


            String address = smsMessages[0];


            String smsMessage = "";


            for (int i = 1; i < smsMessages.length; ++i) {


                smsMessage += smsMessages[i];


            }


 


            String smsMessageStr = address + "\n";


            smsMessageStr += smsMessage;


            Toast.makeText(this, smsMessageStr, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();


        } catch (Exception e) {


            e.printStackTrace();


        }


    }


}






Complete Manifest file















<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>



<manifest



xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"



package="com.example.mrbrown.mrbrown_sms">



<application



android:allowBackup="true"



android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"



android:label="@string/app_name"



android:supportsRtl="true"



android:theme="@style/AppTheme">



<activity



android:name=".MainActivity"



android:label="@string/app_name"



android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">



<intent-filter>



<action
android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />



<category
android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>



<action



android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"
/>



</intent-filter>



</activity>



<receiver



android:name=".ReceiveActivity"
android:exported="true"



> 



<intent-filter android:priority="999" >



<action



android:name="android.provider.Telephony.SMS_RECEIVED"
/>



</intent-filter>



</receiver>



<activity



android:name=".SendActivity"



android:label="@string/app_name"



android:theme="@style/AppTheme.NoActionBar">



<intent-filter>



<action
android:name="android.intent.action.VIEW" />



<category
android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>



</intent-filter>



</activity>



</application>



<uses-permission



android:name="android.permission.WRITE_SMS" />



<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>



<uses-permission



android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"
/>



<uses-permission
android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"



/>



<uses-permission



android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>







































































































</manifest>






Output screenshots











__________________________________________________













Source Code for this application MrBrownSMS.rar



Happy Coding...































































Comments









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